International markets · Technology work

Job Market Observatory

The technology job market: United Kingdom

Market signals in the selected country’s latest published sample.

Source data through · Europe/Rome

Statistics published · Europe/Rome

A skill means more in context

Selected technologies, with supporting text. A mention is not automatically a requirement. Programming, data work and supporting scripts are counted separately; one advert can mention several skills.

  • Azure449 · 41.4%
    Required
    107
    Preferred
    23
    Alternative
    126
    Incidental mention
    18
    Unclassified mention
    175
    Building software
    50
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    11

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering201 Data & AI17 Cloud & infrastructure186 Cybersecurity4 IT support29 Business applications1 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects11 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • AWS314 · 29.0%
    Required
    50
    Preferred
    31
    Alternative
    104
    Incidental mention
    14
    Unclassified mention
    115
    Building software
    31
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    5

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering172 Data & AI11 Cloud & infrastructure112 Cybersecurity2 IT support13 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects3 Other roles1 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • C#282 · 26.0%
    Required
    105
    Preferred
    12
    Alternative
    71
    Incidental mention
    4
    Unclassified mention
    90
    Building software
    203
    Supporting scripts
    3
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering250 Data & AI5 Cloud & infrastructure19 Cybersecurity1 IT support4 Business applications2 Industrial & embedded1 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • .NET245 · 22.6%
    Required
    90
    Preferred
    9
    Alternative
    42
    Incidental mention
    4
    Unclassified mention
    100
    Building software
    168
    Supporting scripts
    2
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering225 Data & AI3 Cloud & infrastructure11 Cybersecurity3 IT support1 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded1 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects1 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Python244 · 22.5%
    Required
    37
    Preferred
    20
    Alternative
    137
    Incidental mention
    2
    Unclassified mention
    48
    Building software
    98
    Supporting scripts
    79
    Data / ML
    14

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering114 Data & AI20 Cloud & infrastructure92 Cybersecurity5 IT support8 Business applications2 Industrial & embedded1 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects2 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • SQL233 · 21.5%
    Required
    82
    Preferred
    7
    Alternative
    42
    Incidental mention
    3
    Unclassified mention
    99
    Building software
    61
    Supporting scripts
    5
    Data / ML
    17

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering136 Data & AI21 Cloud & infrastructure30 Cybersecurity0 IT support34 Business applications8 Industrial & embedded2 Product & design1 IT leadership & projects1 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Kubernetes223 · 20.6%
    Required
    41
    Preferred
    19
    Alternative
    41
    Incidental mention
    15
    Unclassified mention
    107
    Building software
    8
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering104 Data & AI3 Cloud & infrastructure109 Cybersecurity1 IT support6 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Terraform213 · 19.6%
    Required
    23
    Preferred
    21
    Alternative
    78
    Incidental mention
    3
    Unclassified mention
    88
    Building software
    7
    Supporting scripts
    2
    Data / ML
    1

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering53 Data & AI4 Cloud & infrastructure148 Cybersecurity4 IT support4 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Java160 · 14.8%
    Required
    23
    Preferred
    15
    Alternative
    86
    Incidental mention
    5
    Unclassified mention
    31
    Building software
    111
    Supporting scripts
    4
    Data / ML
    3

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering126 Data & AI5 Cloud & infrastructure18 Cybersecurity4 IT support7 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Docker156 · 14.4%
    Required
    24
    Preferred
    3
    Alternative
    27
    Incidental mention
    13
    Unclassified mention
    89
    Building software
    5
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering92 Data & AI2 Cloud & infrastructure58 Cybersecurity1 IT support3 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • PowerShell131 · 12.1%
    Required
    25
    Preferred
    11
    Alternative
    49
    Incidental mention
    0
    Unclassified mention
    46
    Building software
    0
    Supporting scripts
    109
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering3 Data & AI1 Cloud & infrastructure106 Cybersecurity5 IT support15 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects1 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • TypeScript131 · 12.1%
    Required
    12
    Preferred
    9
    Alternative
    54
    Incidental mention
    12
    Unclassified mention
    44
    Building software
    80
    Supporting scripts
    6
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering116 Data & AI1 Cloud & infrastructure13 Cybersecurity1 IT support0 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • React124 · 11.4%
    Required
    9
    Preferred
    7
    Alternative
    46
    Incidental mention
    10
    Unclassified mention
    52
    Building software
    74
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering121 Data & AI0 Cloud & infrastructure3 Cybersecurity0 IT support0 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Linux116 · 10.7%
    Required
    33
    Preferred
    5
    Alternative
    17
    Incidental mention
    2
    Unclassified mention
    59
    Building software
    3
    Supporting scripts
    1
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering18 Data & AI0 Cloud & infrastructure75 Cybersecurity1 IT support21 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded1 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • GCP102 · 9.4%
    Required
    6
    Preferred
    12
    Alternative
    53
    Incidental mention
    3
    Unclassified mention
    28
    Building software
    11
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    2

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering45 Data & AI5 Cloud & infrastructure46 Cybersecurity1 IT support4 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects1 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • JavaScript91 · 8.4%
    Required
    16
    Preferred
    4
    Alternative
    40
    Incidental mention
    1
    Unclassified mention
    30
    Building software
    58
    Supporting scripts
    1
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering77 Data & AI0 Cloud & infrastructure6 Cybersecurity1 IT support6 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects1 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Go72 · 6.6%
    Required
    4
    Preferred
    14
    Alternative
    47
    Incidental mention
    2
    Unclassified mention
    5
    Building software
    42
    Supporting scripts
    11
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering36 Data & AI1 Cloud & infrastructure33 Cybersecurity1 IT support0 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects1 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Bash71 · 6.5%
    Required
    5
    Preferred
    4
    Alternative
    44
    Incidental mention
    0
    Unclassified mention
    18
    Building software
    0
    Supporting scripts
    66
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering5 Data & AI0 Cloud & infrastructure59 Cybersecurity3 IT support3 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects1 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Angular63 · 5.8%
    Required
    5
    Preferred
    6
    Alternative
    26
    Incidental mention
    6
    Unclassified mention
    20
    Building software
    33
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering61 Data & AI0 Cloud & infrastructure0 Cybersecurity0 IT support2 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Claude Code44 · 4.1%
    Required
    0
    Preferred
    2
    Alternative
    28
    Incidental mention
    0
    Unclassified mention
    14
    Building software
    41
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering32 Data & AI2 Cloud & infrastructure9 Cybersecurity1 IT support0 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • GitHub Copilot42 · 3.9%
    Required
    1
    Preferred
    0
    Alternative
    17
    Incidental mention
    4
    Unclassified mention
    20
    Building software
    26
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering30 Data & AI2 Cloud & infrastructure9 Cybersecurity1 IT support0 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • LLM42 · 3.9%
    Required
    6
    Preferred
    5
    Alternative
    13
    Incidental mention
    1
    Unclassified mention
    17
    Building software
    6
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    20

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering25 Data & AI3 Cloud & infrastructure11 Cybersecurity0 IT support1 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles1 Unclassified1

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Machine learning42 · 3.9%
    Required
    2
    Preferred
    4
    Alternative
    10
    Incidental mention
    7
    Unclassified mention
    19
    Building software
    0
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    25

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering26 Data & AI3 Cloud & infrastructure7 Cybersecurity2 IT support3 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects1 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Node.js39 · 3.6%
    Required
    4
    Preferred
    0
    Alternative
    15
    Incidental mention
    3
    Unclassified mention
    17
    Building software
    17
    Supporting scripts
    4
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering26 Data & AI0 Cloud & infrastructure11 Cybersecurity0 IT support1 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects1 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • C++31 · 2.9%
    Required
    3
    Preferred
    1
    Alternative
    22
    Incidental mention
    0
    Unclassified mention
    5
    Building software
    21
    Supporting scripts
    1
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering27 Data & AI0 Cloud & infrastructure4 Cybersecurity0 IT support0 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Cursor30 · 2.8%
    Required
    0
    Preferred
    0
    Alternative
    20
    Incidental mention
    1
    Unclassified mention
    9
    Building software
    27
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering22 Data & AI1 Cloud & infrastructure7 Cybersecurity0 IT support0 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Rust15 · 1.4%
    Required
    0
    Preferred
    1
    Alternative
    8
    Incidental mention
    0
    Unclassified mention
    6
    Building software
    8
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering11 Data & AI0 Cloud & infrastructure4 Cybersecurity0 IT support0 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • PHP13 · 1.2%
    Required
    0
    Preferred
    1
    Alternative
    8
    Incidental mention
    1
    Unclassified mention
    3
    Building software
    2
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering5 Data & AI1 Cloud & infrastructure3 Cybersecurity0 IT support2 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects2 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • C12 · 1.1%
    Required
    1
    Preferred
    0
    Alternative
    6
    Incidental mention
    0
    Unclassified mention
    5
    Building software
    8
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering11 Data & AI0 Cloud & infrastructure1 Cybersecurity0 IT support0 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Codex10 · 0.9%
    Required
    0
    Preferred
    1
    Alternative
    8
    Incidental mention
    0
    Unclassified mention
    1
    Building software
    8
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering7 Data & AI1 Cloud & infrastructure2 Cybersecurity0 IT support0 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • SAP10 · 0.9%
    Required
    2
    Preferred
    0
    Alternative
    4
    Incidental mention
    0
    Unclassified mention
    4
    Building software
    0
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering1 Data & AI1 Cloud & infrastructure1 Cybersecurity0 IT support2 Business applications4 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects1 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Ruby9 · 0.8%
    Required
    3
    Preferred
    0
    Alternative
    6
    Incidental mention
    0
    Unclassified mention
    0
    Building software
    3
    Supporting scripts
    1
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering4 Data & AI0 Cloud & infrastructure3 Cybersecurity0 IT support2 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • Salesforce9 · 0.8%
    Required
    0
    Preferred
    2
    Alternative
    2
    Incidental mention
    3
    Unclassified mention
    2
    Building software
    1
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering5 Data & AI0 Cloud & infrastructure1 Cybersecurity0 IT support1 Business applications1 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles1 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • SCADA9 · 0.8%
    Required
    1
    Preferred
    0
    Alternative
    4
    Incidental mention
    0
    Unclassified mention
    4
    Building software
    0
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering1 Data & AI0 Cloud & infrastructure1 Cybersecurity0 IT support4 Business applications1 Industrial & embedded2 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

  • PLC1 · 0.1%
    Required
    0
    Preferred
    0
    Alternative
    0
    Incidental mention
    0
    Unclassified mention
    1
    Building software
    0
    Supporting scripts
    0
    Data / ML
    0

    Roles mentioning this skill

    Software engineering0 Data & AI0 Cloud & infrastructure1 Cybersecurity0 IT support0 Business applications0 Industrial & embedded0 Product & design0 IT leadership & projects0 Other roles0 Unclassified0

    These mention types describe all roles in the current dashboard selection.

Beyond a single language

No explicit signal
862
Accepts named alternatives
189
Open to learning or switching
33
Adverts mentioning AI-assisted engineering
177

These are separate signals. A list of languages does not establish language agnosticism, and these observations cannot show that AI caused a change.

How to read skills

A skill mention is not automatically a requirement. Required, preferred and alternative mentions describe different expectations; implementation, scripting and data work describe different uses. Each advert can mention several skills, so shares do not add up to 100%. Role breakdowns show the work associated with each skill.